Guide · Updated October 2026

How to Solve Abstract Reasoning Questions

A repeatable method and the eight rules that appear most often, with worked examples.

The short answer

Work in the same order every time: list what changes, name the rule, test it on a second row, then eliminate the options that break it. Most questions combine a few rules: rotation, movement, count, shading, size, overlay, symmetry or alternation. Use ReasonEra to check your reasoning and to learn patterns you miss.

A method you can repeat

  1. List what changes between cells: position, orientation, size, number, shading, shape.
  2. Name the rule for each change in plain words.
  3. Check the direction: rows, columns, then diagonals.
  4. Test on a second row before you trust the rule.
  5. Look for a second rule hiding behind the obvious one.
  6. Eliminate options that break any rule, then choose the one left.

The eight rules

RuleWhat it looks like
RotationA shape turns by a fixed angle each step
MovementAn element shifts along a line or around the edge
CountThe number of shapes rises or falls by a fixed amount
ShadingFills cycle in a fixed order, such as white, grey, black
SizeShapes grow or shrink step by step
OverlayTwo cells combine to make a third, sometimes with cancellation
SymmetryA cell mirrors another across an axis
AlternationA rule applies on every other step or cell

Worked example: rotation

?Answer
Original practice example: each row rotates its shape 90° clockwise per column.

Each row turns its shape 90° clockwise per column, so the last cell is the shape turned 180°.

Worked example: two rules at once (count and fill)

?Answer
Original practice example: count rises across columns, fill darkens down rows.

Count rises across rows and fill darkens down columns. Combine them.

Worked example: overlay

?Answer
Original practice example: in each row, cell 1 + cell 2 are overlaid to make cell 3.

In each row the first two cells are laid on top of each other to make the third.

Worked example: size and type

?Answer
Original practice example: size grows across rows, shape type changes down columns.

Size grows across rows and the type changes down columns. Both rules must hold.

Practise with explanations

Try a question yourself first. Then use ReasonEra: Quick Verify shows only the answer so you can find the rule, and Tutor Explanation names every rule. All diagrams on this page are original practice examples written by ReasonEra.

A note on fair use

Most employers expect you to complete an assessment on your own. ReasonEra is meant for studying before that day, so use it to understand questions, not to answer a live one.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I get better at abstract reasoning tests?

Practise one rule type at a time, use the same method every time and review the explanation for every question you miss.

What are the most common abstract reasoning rules?

Rotation, movement, count, shading, size, overlay, symmetry and alternation, often combined in the same question.

How long should I spend on each question?

Timing depends on the test. Practise the method until it is quick, and check the timing for your specific test.

Can AI help me learn the rules?

Yes. ReasonEra's Tutor Explanation names the rules in each question so you can recognise them next time.

Are these real test questions?

No. They are original practice examples written by ReasonEra.

Related guides and tools

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Sources and notes. These notes explain the evidence: figures come from ReasonEra's own benchmark from November 2025, and the examples are original rather than taken from tests. We welcome corrections at info@reasonera.com. ReasonEra is not affiliated with any publisher named here.